Conversely, in the presence
of an intact rotator cuff cable, the rotator cuff crescent insertion is relatively stress-shielded and plays a significantly lesser role in supraspinatus force transmission.”
“We designed and studied a magnetic tunable metamaterial composed of ferrite-dielectric and metallic mesh. The retrieved electromagnetic parameters and the transmission characteristic showed the composite has a double-negative regime in magnetized selleck screening library state. Moreover, this regime is tunable in external magnetic fields. The composite has a lower loss with minimum about -0.3 dB/mm. The simulations of the wave propagation on the interface of the composite clearly display a negative refraction. The negative indexes calculated from Snell’s law are in good agreement with the indexes retrieved from S parameters, quantitatively confirms the negative index of the composite. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi: 10.1063/1.3359718]“
“In this study, Saccharomyces cerevisiae
OC-2T T165R, metabolically engineered to produce optically pure L(+)-lactic acid, was used to develop a high performance extractive fermentation process. Since the transgenic yeast could produce lactic acid efficiently even at lower than pH 3.5, high extractive efficiency was achieved when tri-n-decylamine (TDA), a tertiary amine, was used as the extractant. Separation of microorganisms by means of a hollow fiber module could not only improve the total amount of lactic acid produced but also Ofev increase
the lactic acid concentration in the solvent. Moreover, pH had a significant effect on extractive fermentation. The highest rate of recovery of lactic acid could be obtained on pH-uncontrolled fermentation (pH 2.5); however, the lowest amount of lactic acid was produced. Taking into account the trade-off between the fermentation and extraction efficiencies, the optimum pH value was considered to be 3.5, with which the largest amount of lactic acid was produced and MI-503 in vivo the highest lactic acid concentration in the solvent was obtained. The results show promise for the use of the transgenic yeast for extractive fermentation. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The effects of vortex chirality and shape anisotropy on the magnetization reversal of thin Co nanorings with and without slots have been investigated using off-axis electron holography and micromagnetic simulations. Stepped hysteresis loops were determined and typical well-defined states, including onion states, vortex states, flux-closure (FC) states, and omega (Omega) states were identified during reversal for different element shapes. The chirality of the vortex (vortices) formed after the onion states determined the switching mechanism.