BMC Microbiol 2008, 8:173 PubMedCrossRef 18 Donlan RM, Costerton

BMC Microbiol 2008, 8:173.PubMedCrossRef 18. Donlan RM, Costerton JW: Biofilms: survival mechanisms of clinically relevant microorganisms. Clin Microbiol Rev 2002,15(2):167–193.PubMedCrossRef 19. Garcia-Castillo M, Morosini MI, Valverde A, Almaraz F, Baquero F, Canton R, del Campo R: Differences in biofilm development and antibiotic susceptibility among Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from cystic fibrosis samples and blood cultures. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007,59(2):301–304.PubMedCrossRef 20. Stewart PS: Mechanisms of

antibiotic resistance in bacterial biofilms. Int J Med Microbiol 2002,292(2):107–113.PubMedCrossRef 21. Stewart PS, Costerton JW: Antibiotic resistance of bacteria in biofilms. Lancet 2001,358(9276):135–138.PubMedCrossRef 22. Walsh RL, Camilli A: Streptococcus pneumoniae is desiccation tolerant GSK1838705A in vitro and infectious upon rehydration. MBio 2011,2(3):e00092–00011.PubMedCrossRef CCI-779 purchase 23. Munoz-Elias EJ, Marcano J, Camilli A: Isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilm mutants and their characterization during nasopharyngeal colonization. Infect Immun 2008,76(11):5049–5061.PubMedCrossRef 24. Allegrucci M, Hu FZ, Shen K, Hayes J, Ehrlich GD, Post JC, Sauer K: Phenotypic characterization of Streptococcus pneumoniae biofilm development. J Bacteriol 2006,188(7):2325–2335.PubMedCrossRef 25. Oggioni MR, Trappetti C, Kadioglu A, Cassone M, Iannelli

F, Ricci S, Andrew PW, Pozzi G: Switch from planktonic to sessile life: a major event in pneumococcal pathogenesis. Mol Microbiol 2006,61(5):1196–1210.PubMedCrossRef 26. Shivshankar P, Boyd AR, Le Saux CJ, Yeh IT, Orihuela CJ: Cellular GNS-1480 mouse senescence increases

expression of bacterial ligands in the lungs and is positively correlated with increased susceptibility to pneumococcal pneumonia. Aging Cell 2011. 27. Shivshankar P, Sanchez C, Rose LF, Orihuela CJ: The Streptococcus pneumoniae adhesin PsrP binds to Keratin 10 on lung cells. Mol Microbiol 2009,73(4):663–679.PubMedCrossRef 28. Orihuela CJ, Mahdavi J, Thornton J, Mann B, Wooldridge KG, Abouseada N, Oldfield NJ, Self T, Ala’Aldeen DA, Tuomanen EI: Laminin receptor initiates bacterial contact with the blood brain barrier in experimental meningitis models. J Clin Invest 2009,119(6):1638–1646.PubMedCrossRef 29. Zhang JR, Mostov KE, Lamm ME, Nanno M, Shimida S, Ohwaki M, Tuomanen E: The polymeric Farnesyltransferase immunoglobulin receptor translocates pneumococci across human nasopharyngeal epithelial cells. Cell 2000,102(6):827–837.PubMedCrossRef 30. Moscoso M, Garcia E, Lopez R: Biofilm formation by Streptococcus pneumoniae : role of choline, extracellular DNA, and capsular polysaccharide in microbial accretion. J Bacteriol 2006,188(22):7785–7795.PubMedCrossRef 31. Tu AH, Fulgham RL, McCrory MA, Briles DE, Szalai AJ: Pneumococcal surface protein A inhibits complement activation by Streptococcus pneumoniae . Infect Immun 1999,67(9):4720–4724.PubMed 32.

Comments are closed.