The MIH of crus taceans continually inhibits ecdysteroid secretion by the Y organs whereby synthesis of ecdysteroids and subse quent moulting occur only after MIH secretion ceases. CHH, however, plays a multifunctional role as it is central to carbohydrate metabolism, is involved in moult regulation, selleck chemicals Gemcitabine reproduction, and osmoregulatory function. It has been shown to inhibit ecdysteroid synth esis within the Y organs of Carcinus maenas. Furthermore, a synergis tic action of suppression of ecdysteroid synthesis in the Y organ has also been observed to occur when MIH and CHH are incubated together. CHH receptors have been found on Y organ cells, suggesting a physiologically relevant role for CHH in the regulation of ecdysteroid synthesis.

CHH has also been shown to influence the iso osmotic uptake of water during ecdy sis, which facilitates body expansion enabling somatic growth. Regulation of MF synthesis is negatively controlled by MOIH, and is thought to occur, in part, through the inhibition of the enzyme farnesoic acid O methyltransferase that catalyses the final step in the MF biosynthetic pathway. Eyestalk ablation has traditionally been used to induce moulting. This results in a reduction of circulating MIH and therefore promotes the production of ecdysteroids. However, while eyestalk ablation can be effective at inducing moulting, it also leads to lethal ecdysis in some species. Moulting is a complex process that is affected by a range of external and internal factors including tempera ture, photoperiod, nutritional state and eyestalk integ rity.

In order to explore the molecular events associated with the moulting process, microarray technology has been implemented to investigate differential gene expression in Portunus pelagicus at various stages of the moult cycle. Microarray technology offers the potential to examine the expression patterns of many genes simultaneously, thus gaining a more comprehensive understanding of gene function, interaction, and regulation. This has enabled both the assessment of expression profiles of known genes, and the discovery of new genes that play a role in the moult cycle of crusta ceans. P. pelagicus was used as a model species to study moulting as its life cycle has been closed at the Bribie Island Research Centre, eliminating the need for wild caught animals. Results Overview of P. pelagicus EST sequence distribution A total of 556 clones were sequenced from the cDNA libraries used to construct the P. pelagicus cDNA arrays. Prior Entinostat to array printing, 160 of these were sequenced in order to determine the quality of each cDNA library. Factors such as sequence length and redundancy were considered in the assessment. A 30% redundancy of 16 S rRNA was determined in the initial sequencing stage.