J Appl Polym Sci 121: 541-553, 2011″
“Background: Multiple studies have shown excellent response rates after hepatitis B immunization in youth; however, one previous study conducted in urban youth demonstrated poor responses.
Methods: Urban youth, ages 12 to 17 years, at participating Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions Clinical/Research sites were randomized to receive either 2 doses of Recombivax
HB (10 mu g hepatitis B surface antigen) or Twinrix (20 mu g hepatitis B surface antigen and 720 EL.U hepatitis A antigen) at 0 and 24 weeks. Safety data were collected and antibody measures performed at 0, 28, and 76 weeks.
Results: A total of 123 subjects were enrolled and 102 had week 28 serum samples available for antibody measure. A positive response Selleckchem CAL 101 (serum antibody >= 10 mIU/mL) to hepatitis B antigen was documented in
41 of 47 (87.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 74.3%-95.2%) Recombivax HB recipients and in 52 of 55 (94.6%; 95% CI, 84.9%-98.9%) Twinrix recipients (P = 0.295). In an adjusted analysis, those identified as Hispanic ethnicity (N = 86) were more likely to have a positive response (odds ratio 7.38, 95% CI, 1.56-34.95; P = 0.0018); whereas those who identified as not heterosexual (N = 9) were less likely to selleckchem respond (odds ratio = 0.12, 95% CI, 0.02-0.74). The majority of youth in the Twinrix arm were hepatitis A antibody positive at baseline (26/51; 51%); however, 24 of 25 hepatitis A antibody negative youth responded to the hepatitis
A component. Both vaccines were safe.
Conclusions: Response rate to 2 doses of Recombivax HB in urban youth is lower than previous studies suggest. The factors associated with diminished response are not known.”
“The initial stages of graphitization on 4H- and 6H-SiC (000-1) under ultrahigh vacuum at temperatures of 1125-1175 degrees C have been studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and reflected high energy electron Dihydrotestosterone molecular weight diffraction. A progressive coverage of the surface by graphene has been observed depending on the time and temperature of annealing. Graphene growth mainly starts from the step edges, although it sometimes nucleates in the middle of a SiC terrace. Comparison of the topographic and phase AFM images shows that the latter are the most efficient for identifying graphene before complete coverage of the surface. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3560896]“
“Polymethacrylamide intercalated hectorite clay nanocomposites were synthesized by the in situ free-radical polymerization method. The interlayer cation of hectorite clay was modified with cetyl pyridinium chloride and cetrimide, and their effects on the rate of polymerization of methacrylamide and the structure-property relationships of the resulting polymer nanocomposites were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed a peak around 550 cm(-1) that was due to the metal oxide stretching of hectorite clay in the polymer nanocomposites.