Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel”
“Enhancement factor and spatial resolution
are two www.selleckchem.com/Proteasome.html of the most important metrological parameters defining the quality of a tip-enhanced Raman spectrometer. A high degree of variability in the reported values of enhancement factor is highlighted in this work, and the possible reasons for the discrepancies are discussed. A methodology for estimating enhancement factor in tip-enhanced Raman imaging using a one-dimensional nanostructure such as single wall carbon nanotube is suggested. This methodology is verified using tip-enhanced Raman images from our laboratory, and an image from another group published previously. (C) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3056155]“
“Objective. Comprehensive sequencing of the coding exons of the calcium-sensing receptor gene (CASR) was performed in a group of Iranian recurrent calcium kidney stone-formers and the results were compared with a control group. Material and methods. Serum and urine parameters were evaluated in 99 males aged Go 6983 between 30 and 55 years
old with idiopathic recurrent calcium urolithiasis and in 107 men as a control group. Products of polymerase chain reaction were sequenced using forward primer until a mutation was found in that exon. Then, other cases were analysed by single-strand conformation polymorphism. Results. Four polymorphisms were detected in CASR exons, all in the coding region of exon 7. These polymorphisms and their minor allele frequency were P748P (100%), A986S (1%), R990G (3%) and E1011Q (98%). There was a significantly higher count of 986S (p = 0.006), 990G (p = 0.006) and E1011 (p = 0.02) alleles in patients. The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) was 2.55 (1.31-4.96) in those at risk of stone disease for the 986S allele and 8.06 (1.80-35.9) for the 990G allele. Men with the RR genotype at R990G showed a significantly higher serum ionized calcium than the RG or GG group (p = 0.03). A significantly lower serum
total calcium was found in subjects with the QQ than the EQ genotype with respect to the 1011 locus (p = 0.005). Furthermore, the 1011Q allele was marginally associated with hypercalciuria (p = 0.05). Conclusion. The 986S, 990G and 1011Q alleles were associated with a recurrent calcium kidney stone-forming state. this website 986S and 1011Q alleles, but not 986S, were associated with hypercalcaemia.”
“Rationale: Talc is very effective for pleurodesis, but there is concern about complications, especially acute respiratory distress syndrome. Objectives: It was the aim of this study to investigate if talc with a high concentration of small particles induces greater production of cytokines, and if pleural tumor burden has any influence on the local production and spillover of cytokines to the systemic circulation and eventual complications. Methods: We investigated 227 consecutive patients with malignant effusion submitted to talc pleurodesis.