Far-field ELT was observed in six patients.

Conclusions: Oversensing artifacts

in the atrial channel are likely caused by depolarization of the basal part of the right ventricle. The novel mechanism of QRS oversensing outside PVARP, caused by a reversed ventricular activation sequence during LV-only pacing, may be important in some CRT patients. (PACE 2011; 34: 1682-1686)”
“Field emission diodes made with Ir/IrO2 tips separated by gaps below 100 nm and operating in air gave currents of up to 1 mu A just above 10 V and largely survived potentials up to 200 V. The current-voltage characteristics included signatures of Fowler-Nordheim emission and both coherent and incoherent space-charge limited emission, where both behaviors implied molecular-scale

effective emission areas. The significant, nanoampere currents that flowed at biases below the expected bulk work functions corroborate the Pexidartinib mouse 0.1 eV work functions from Fowler-Nordheim analysis, and are attributed to molecular scale oxide structures and adsorbates shifting the surface Fermi level. Electron transit time analysis indicates that on average only one electron crossed the gap at a time, implying that the space-charge effects are due to self-interactions. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3573514]“
“Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of both the metallurgic and the geometric characteristics of nickel-titanium endodontic BGJ398 in vitro instruments on their flexibility.

Study design. ProTaper Universal (PTU), K3, and EndoSequence (ES) instruments were evaluated. Their chemical composition and phase constitution were characterized by conventional analytical techniques. Instrument diameter GDC941 and cross-sectional area were evaluated by image analysis. Flexibility was evaluated in bending tests according to the ISO 3630-1.

Results. K3 presented the highest average bending moment (M(B)), followed by PTU and ES. A

linear relationship was found between M(B) and the instrument’s diameter and cross-sectional area at 3 mm from the tip. Alloy chemical compositions were similar among the files, but transformation temperatures were lower for K3 instruments, which presented only austenite as a constituent phase.

Conclusion. Nickel-titanium instruments from different manufacturers have unequal behavior related to their flexibility properties. Manufacturing processes changed the phase constitution and transformation temperatures of the instruments investigated and may also have influenced their flexibility. (Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2010;110:527-533)”
“Background: Ganglionated plexi (GP) is claimed to be potentially responsible for atrial fibrillation (AF). The efficacy and safety of GP ablation remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of procedure with or without ablation of GP.